SCA Specialty Coffee Association technical officer Mario Fernandez revealed at an estate reception after the BOP Best of Panama competition that the SCA cupping form, which has been in use for more than two decades, is about to undergo a major reform. The current cupping form mixes discriminatory, descriptive, and emotional sensory judgments together, which easily leads to scoring bias. The new plan intends to separate the three and add evaluation items such as sweetness. At the same time, the coffee flavor wheel will also break free from its North America-centered limitations and compile a globally applicable flavor reference. In addition, SCA also plans to widen the score gap between specialty coffee and commercial coffee; a coffee scoring 80 points may in the future drop to 75 points or even lower. This article will sort out the background, direction, and specific contents of this reform for you. [more…]

If you frequently buy specialty coffee beans, you have surely seen the letters "COE" on packaging labels. What exactly do they stand for? Why are beans bearing the COE mark often more expensive? This article will give you a comprehensive understanding of COE—from its origins and founding organization, to its specific differences from the SCA cupping scoring system, and then to the three-stage competition format of the Ethiopia COE, breaking it all down one by one. It will also explain the difference between COE auction lots and national winner lots, as well as the difference between "same-lot" beans on the market and true auction lots, helping you more accurately understand and select coffee beans. [more…]

In the world of specialty coffee, the SCAA and COE are two authoritative systems that cannot be overlooked. The former established industry standards and cupping protocols, while the latter selects top-tier green beans through rigorous competitions. How do their scoring logics differ? And why are COE and SOE often confused? This article will trace the development and operational mechanisms of the SCAA, CQI, and COE, explain in detail the differences in cupping score sheets, and use the example of the 22nd-place sun-dried Typica that Front Street Coffee bid for at Ethiopia's first COE competition in 2020 to present the complete story from origin to cup. [more…]

Whether a cup of coffee can be crowned with the name "specialty" is by no means decided by cupping alone. From the origin of the green beans, screening and processing, to roasting and brewing, every stage requires careful control, so that the flavor in the cup ultimately presented can reflect the characteristics and cultural heritage of the producing country. This article will systematically sort out the two major cupping scoring systems, COE and SCA, and break down one by one the points to note for each scoring element, including cleanliness, sweetness, acidity, body, flavor, aftertaste, and balance, as well as explain in detail the defect scoring rules and grading standards. Front Street will also draw on years of quality control experience to help you use evaluation grades as a reliable reference for judging specialty coffee when purchasing coffee. [more…]

Coffee cupping is the core method for evaluating coffee bean quality, and the cupping form is an important tool within this evaluation system. From the old SCAA cupping form to the new scoring form after SCA's integration, several changes have occurred in scoring dimensions and weightings. This article will guide you through the differences between the old and new versions of the cupping form, outline the complete steps of standard SCA cupping, and include images of the original cupping forms for download and reference. Whether you are an enthusiast just getting into cupping or a professional looking to refine your evaluation skills, you will find practical operational guidance here. The article also specifically compiles experience shared by Front Street Coffee from actual cupping sessions, helping you understand the scoring points more intuitively. [more…]

Cupping is the primary step for verifying coffee quality after roasting. By standardizing grind size, coffee-to-water ratio, water temperature, and steep time, it objectively reveals a bean's truest flavors. This article systematically outlines the purpose of cupping, the required equipment, and standard parameters, walks step by step through the complete process of pouring, smelling, breaking the crust, and slurping, and takes an in-depth look at the eight scoring categories on the CoE cupping form and how they differ from the SCA scoring system. It also compiles common descriptive terms from the flavor wheel and includes a high-resolution 2023 flavor wheel wallpaper resource, making it a handy reference for coffee enthusiasts and professionals alike. [more…]

Single-origin, specialty, and blended coffee beans differ in their conceptual levels, quality standards, and brewing methods. Single-origin coffee emphasizes the traceability of a single origin or even a single estate, allowing drinkers to clearly understand where the flavors in their cup come from; specialty coffee, building on single-origin, adds the SCA scoring threshold, with certification granted only at 80 points or above, and microclimates and soil and water conditions are indispensable. Blended coffee, meanwhile, involves the roaster combining beans from different origins, pursuing balance and consistency in flavor while also reducing costs. This article systematically sorts out the definitional boundaries and characteristic differences of the three, and, in conjunction with Front Street Coffee's specific products, helps coffee enthusiasts build a clear cognitive framework. [more…]

When you get an unfamiliar single-origin coffee bean, how do you accurately judge its flavor performance? Cupping is the industry-standard method. Front Street Coffee conducts cupping on every coffee bean it acquires, whether or not it goes on the shelves. This article uses the SCA cupping system as its benchmark and provides a detailed introduction to the equipment and parameters required for cupping, including sample bean processing, grind size calibration, coffee-to-water ratio, water quality and temperature requirements, as well as the operating procedures for dry aroma, wet aroma, breaking the crust, and skimming. After cupping is completed, the pour-over grind size and brewing water temperature must also be determined according to the roast level. Light-roast and medium-roast coffee beans each have different standards for sieve pass-through rate and water temperature selection. [more…]

In recent years, coffee-themed films and television works have gradually increased, but "Coffee Wars" takes a unique perspective—focusing on the situation of vegetarians and plant-based milk in coffee competitions. The film tells the story of Jo, a highly skilled vegan barista whose business is struggling because the shop only offers plant-based milk, yet she resolutely leads her team into the finals of the World Coffee Championship, attempting to prove that plant-based milk can also create outstanding coffee. At the same time, in reality, the Specialty Coffee Association (SCA) also revised the WBC rules at the end of 2022 to allow plant-based milk to compete, a change that coincides with the film's theme. This article will guide you through the film's highlights, the evolution of WBC rules, and Front Street Coffee's continued attention to specialty coffee culture. [more…]

Faced with the bewildering array of coffee certificates on the market, many people who want to systematically study coffee often feel at a loss where to begin. To sort out the differences among these courses and certificates, the key is to trace back to the issuing bodies. At present, the three major authoritative institutions internationally that have established scientific coffee teaching systems and issue certificates are SCAA, SCAE, and CQI. This article will break down the course structures and certification logic of these three institutions one by one, and explain the changes brought about after SCAA and SCAE merged into SCA in 2017, while also introducing Q-Grader, a widely known yet often misunderstood quality assessment qualification, to help coffee enthusiasts find the learning path best suited to them. [more…]

The 2022 Alishan Estate Coffee Elite Exchange Competition and Green Bean Matchmaking Evaluation was held on May 11. Competing beans were divided into four groups by processing method: washed, natural, honey, and Geisha. Participants had to submit parchment and green beans, which the organizers uniformly roasted, and then 15 CQI-certified Q-Graders conducted sensory evaluations using the SCA cupping form. Only beans scoring 80 or above could participate in the auction. In the auction the next day, the special prize in the natural group, Zouzhuyuan Coffee Beans, started bidding at NT$60,000 and soared all the way to NT$520,000/5kg, won by the Lion Group, setting a new record for Taiwanese coffee bean auctions. Notably, these beans were not of the Geisha variety, yet they fetched a top-tier Geisha price, while the special prize in the Geisha group was only NT$320,000. This article takes you through the ins and outs of this sky-high bidding and analyzes the industrial logic behind the rise of Taiwan's local coffee. [more…]

Recently, a photo of a coffee bean packaging sparked heated discussion on WeChat Moments. It prominently labeled the origin of Huakui coffee beans as "Origin: Brazil (Guji Hambela)," leaving many industry professionals and enthusiasts stunned. This article begins with the historical naming and variety origins of Huakui, then dissects the packaging's errors regarding production region, tree species, altitude, scoring standards, and grind size. It clarifies that Huakui must come from the sun-dried Ethiopian native varieties processed at the Buku Abel processing plant in the Guji Hambela region of Ethiopia, and retains Front Street Coffee's observations and product information about Small-Bean Huakui. [more…]

If you want to become a professional barista, cupping is a core skill you can't avoid. This article systematically sorts out the scoring standards of the two major cupping systems, COE and SCAA, analyzing the scoring points and deduction rules one by one, from aroma, cleanliness, sweetness, acidity, mouthfeel, flavor, aftertaste to balance. It also explains in detail the tools needed for cupping, the coffee-to-water ratio, and the operating process, and uses [Front Street Golden Mandheling] as an example to compare the cupping performance of three roasting curves. Whether you are a coffee enthusiast or a practitioner, you can learn from it the scientific method of judging coffee quality and understand the true meaning of COE competition level. [more…]

Yirgacheffe is Ethiopia's most representative specialty coffee region, renowned for its citrusy, lemony acidity and delicate floral and fruity aromas. This article, from the perspective of Front Street Coffee's bean selection, sorts out Yirgacheffe's regional history, micro-region distribution, and the ECX grading system, compares the essential differences between the natural and washed processing methods in terms of green bean appearance and flavor direction, and provides light-roast recommendations along with V60 staged extraction parameters. The article also includes brewing recipes and flavor descriptions for Front Street washed Yirgacheffe and Front Street natural Yirgacheffe, making it suitable reading for coffee enthusiasts who wish to gain a deeper understanding of Yirgacheffe. [more…]

Yirgacheffe is Ethiopia's most representative specialty coffee region, world-famous for its citrus-lemon acidity and delicate floral and fruity aromas. Front Street Coffee has long been deeply engaged in the selection and roasting of Yirgacheffe coffee beans. This article will comprehensively organize the core knowledge of Yirgacheffe coffee, from the region's history, variety characteristics, the ECX grading system, and the differences between the two major processing methods of natural and washed, to roasting curve recommendations and brewing parameters, helping coffee lovers gain a deeper understanding of the flavor logic of this legendary region, and providing specific brewing recipes and flavor comparisons for Front Street washed Yirgacheffe and Front Street natural Yirgacheffe. [more…]

Yirgacheffe is the most representative specialty coffee region in southern Ethiopia, and its washed version is famous for its clean, bright floral and fruity notes. Front Street Coffee has long used washed Yirgacheffe as a reference for the region's flavor and currently offers G1-grade products, while also having compared the performance of G2 grade. Starting from the region's background, the washed processing flow, and the ECX grading system, this article will analyze in detail the flavor characteristics of washed Yirgacheffe, compare the specific differences between G1 and G2 in appearance, roasting, cupping, and brewing, and finally include Front Street's roasting and pour-over recommendations to help coffee enthusiasts build a clear understanding of the region. [more…]

Want to know how professional baristas evaluate a Kenyan coffee? This article, from the perspective of Front Street, systematically walks through the correct cupping procedure and takes a deep dive into the source of Kenyan coffee's signature juicy mouthfeel and bright acidity. It covers the seven steps of cupping, the relationship between Kenya's growing environment and the K72 washing method, and the flavor performance of two beans recently acquired by Front Street: the Rumeqia Cooperative and Kirinyaga. Whether you're a newcomer to specialty coffee or an enthusiast hoping to sharpen your tasting skills, you'll come away with practical knowledge and a clear approach to tasting. [more…]

Over the past decade or so, the coffee industry has developed rapidly, and the third wave of coffee has led more and more consumers to pay attention to specialty coffee. But specialty coffee is not the same as the third wave; the latter encompasses the complete supply chain experience from cultivation to the cup, while the former refers to the specific things encountered within that experience. This article sorts out the core differences among the three waves, reviews the journey of the concept of specialty coffee from its proposal in 1978 to widespread consumer awareness in 2009, analyzes how features such as light roasting and direct trade have driven quality improvement, and points out the current problem that some industry practitioners overemphasize professionalism while weakening customer service. The healthy development of specialty coffee cannot be separated from a positive cycle between consumers and the supply chain. [more…]

While novel processing methods like anaerobic and barrel fermentation dominate the spotlight, washed Yirgacheffe still firmly holds its place as a classic thanks to its clean and bright cup profile. This article will guide you through the Yirgacheffe growing region and Ethiopia's three major cultivation systems, break down the complete steps of the washed processing method and the ECX grading rules, and compare Front Street Coffee's washed Yirgacheffe G1 and G2 in terms of green bean appearance, roasting curves, and cupping flavors. At the end, we've included Front Street's pour-over parameter recommendations and measured results at different water temperatures to help you brew a cup of Yirgacheffe with bright fruit acidity and overflowing floral aromas. [more…]

At the Amederaro processing station in Ethiopia, at an altitude of 2,200 meters, a coffee bean named Amederaro was born, one that went on to win both the national and African regional finals of the 2019/20 TOH competition. This bean, brought to you by Front Street Coffee, undergoes anaerobic slow drying; after being harvested as fully ripe cherries and carefully sorted, it is slowly fermented in an anaerobic environment, creating layered flavors of passion fruit, honey, champagne, and white grape, with abundant juiciness and a balanced fermented character. This article will provide a comprehensive introduction to this coffee—both powerful and refined—from the perspectives of its origin background, processing method, flavor profile, and the meaning of the TOH competition. [more…]