Does the bloom in pour-over coffee have a significant impact on flavor? Does espresso also require a similar step? In fact, there is no such thing as blooming in espresso, but in recent years pre-infusion has gradually become an important part of the extraction process. This article starts from the traditional approach to stable espresso extraction, analyzes the extraction fluctuations caused by the shortened resting period of coffee beans, and then explains in detail the three core functions of pre-infusion: releasing active gases, reducing the probability of channeling, and broadening the ways to adjust extraction. It will also explain how to judge manual pre-infusion, and that there is no fixed standard for pre-infusion duration—it needs to be flexibly adjusted according to the resting condition and grind ratio. [more…]

In pour-over coffee, blooming is a key step to release carbon dioxide and improve subsequent extraction. So can espresso, before high-pressure extraction, borrow this same idea? The answer is yes—this is what is called "pre-infusion." Starting from the underlying principles, this article will explain the similarities between pre-infusion and pour-over blooming, analyze its actual impact on extraction yield and channeling, and offer specific operating recommendations such as low-pressure water delivery and soaking duration. It will also explain which beans are suitable for pre-infusion and in which situations this step can be skipped, helping you manually make more consistent espresso even on a machine without a one-touch pre-infusion function. [more…]

Yinghong No.9 comes from Yingde, Guangdong, and is named after an experimental cultivar. The dry leaves are tightly rolled with visible golden buds, carrying forest-floor earthiness and a roasted aroma. In this session it was brewed gongfu style, using 3g of tea with 150ml of boiling water, a 45-second first infusion, and an extra 15 seconds for each subsequent infusion, for five to seven consecutive steeps. Front Street Coffee recommends brewing it in a gaiwan, which better reveals its complete progression from sweet, fruity notes to woody roast. From the first infusion's deep amber color, musky earthiness, and sweet plum flavors to the seventh infusion's roast and astringency, each steep delivers a different experience. This tea suits lovers of earthy, fruity, or roasted black teas, and is especially good for savoring on a winter afternoon. [more…]

In pour-over coffee, blooming is an almost indispensable step, as it helps release carbon dioxide and makes subsequent extraction more stable. So in the high-pressure extraction of espresso, is a similar "blooming" also needed? The answer is pre-infusion. This article will start from the definition of pre-infusion, the applicable equipment, and the logic for adjusting duration and pressure, combining the two major issues of fresh bean degassing and channeling to explain the practical role of pre-infusion. Then, using Front Street Coffee's Warm Sun blend as an example, it will use the Lelit Bianca V3 to conduct comparative extractions with and without pre-infusion, presenting differences in crema condition, flavor layers, and flow rate, to help coffee enthusiasts understand the value of pre-infusion in espresso output. [more…]

Pre-infusion is a frequently discussed feature in espresso extraction. Simply put, it involves soaking the coffee bed with a small amount of hot water or a low-pressure flow before the main high-pressure extraction begins, giving the coffee grounds time to degas and expand. Many people feel that their espresso is already good enough and that pre-infusion seems optional, but in specific scenarios, it can genuinely improve extraction quality. This article starts from the principles of pre-infusion, explaining how it increases extraction yield, reduces channeling, and which coffee beans are suitable for using the pre-infusion function. [more…]

A decent espresso is not as simple as pressing the brew button and leaving it to fate. From the moment the portafilter is locked in, the coffee grounds go through three key stages: pre-infusion, flavor extraction, and the end of extraction. How does pre-infusion affect carbon dioxide release and channeling? During the main extraction stage, why do sour, sweet, and bitter compounds appear in sequence? To judge the end of extraction, should you look at time, liquid volume, or crema color? This article uses Front Street Coffee's blend beans as an example to systematically break down the espresso extraction process and the logic of flavor assessment, helping you adjust parameters and avoid risks during operation, and understand the details behind "one-touch extraction" that still require human setting. [more…]

This article presents flavor notes centered on TTES No. 15 (Sun Moon Lake black tea), tracing its hybrid origins with the Burmese Assam variety and native Taiwanese tea trees, and documenting a rare tasting experience of three teas from the same garden. The author uses the gongfu brewing method to taste each infusion, from the aroma of the dry leaves to the changes in flavor across five steepings, describing in detail the layered evolution of this black tea from earthy and malty notes to spice and fruity sweetness. The article also shares insights on pairing it with cherries and previews a comparison with Taiwanese mountain tea flower and Ruby TTES No. 18. Front Street brand recommendations and product information are also retained in the article, providing coffee and tea enthusiasts with a professional and sensorially detailed reference. [more…]

Ruby Black Tea No. 18 from the Sun Moon Lake tea region in Nantou, Taiwan, is beloved by tea enthusiasts for its distinctive mint, spice, and red fruit aromas. Based on three tea samples from the Shanxi Tea Experience Set—Myanmar Assam, Taiwan Mountain Tea, and Ruby No. 18—this article documents in detail the parameters for gongfu tea brewing and the flavor changes across each infusion, from the appearance of dry leaves to the layered tastes at each steeping stage, and shares pairing insights with Black Forest chocolate cake. If you are interested in this tea's origin background, processing recommendations, or tasting methods, this note will provide practical, firsthand reference. Front Street Coffee also continuously follows such expressions of origin flavor, bringing more cross-disciplinary inspiration to coffee and tea drinkers. [more…]

Latte art is a common visual delight in today's coffee shops, but have you ever thought that exquisite patterns could also be drawn on the surface of a cup of tea? "Tea hundred opera" in Song Dynasty tea whisking is exactly such an ancient skill. Recently, a Shanghai graphic designer hit the trending searches for painting Chinese paintings on tea infusion. He grinds white tea, pours water seven times and whisks, then uses tea paste to outline ancient paintings on the dense tea foam. The whole process must be completed within ten minutes. What is the difference between tea hundred opera and latte art? What are the differences between ancient painting methods and modern improvements? This article will guide you through the process of Song Dynasty tea whisking, the term "biting the cup" in tea competitions, as well as the historical records and operational details of tea hundred opera, while retaining the professional recommendation of Front Street Coffee. [more…]

Tieguanyin is one of China's most renowned oolong teas, named after the Buddhist Bodhisattva Guanyin, and is mainly produced in the cool, high-altitude mountainous regions of Fujian. Its dry leaves are rolled into balls; once brewed, the leaves unfurl and release a floral, orchid-like aroma, while the liquor turns golden and slightly sweet. This article will explore Tieguanyin from multiple angles—its classification, authentic places of origin, caffeine content and the factors affecting it, and brewing guidelines—to help coffee and tea enthusiasts gain a comprehensive understanding of this classic oolong. The article also covers techniques for multiple infusions, the gongfu tea tradition, and product recommendations from the Front Street Coffee brand, so you can easily brew a delicious cup of Tieguanyin. [more…]

Chaoshan Gongfu tea is not a specific type of tea, but a traditional brewing technique originating from Chaozhou, Guangdong. Oolong tea is the most commonly used, and it is especially suitable for brewing Phoenix Dan Cong. It emphasizes short, repeated infusions, with each steep lasting only 3 to 10 seconds, allowing the tea leaves to gradually unfurl and release layered aromas and flavors. Gongfu tea has developed into three styles: Chaoshan, Fujian, and Taiwan. Among them, the Chaoshan style uses a tea boat, a gaiwan or ceramic pot, and three teacups arranged in a triangular formation, symbolizing the Chinese character "品" (pin). This article will also introduce how to brew Phoenix Dan Cong with a gaiwan and recommend related product lines from the Front Street Coffee brand, helping coffee enthusiasts experience the refined nuances of tea culture across categories. [more…]

Honey-scented black tea and Jinxuan tea produced in Hualien, Taiwan, carry a natural osmanthus-honey note due to the bites of the small green leafhopper, making them a highly regarded specialty tea in recent years. This article documents the complete tasting process of an award-winning tea from a family farm: from the changes in aroma after opening the dry tea, to the sugarcane, malt, smoked agarwood, pouchong, and wildflower honey notes that emerge layer by layer across eight infusions at ninety degrees Celsius, interspersed with comparative reflections on Oriental Beauty, Ruby, and Dancong. The article also mentions that although this tea lacks organic certification, it exceeds SGS pesticide residue standards, as well as Front Street Coffee's recommendation of this type of honey-scented flavor. If you are fond of black tea or oolong, this rare tea, which combines tea energy with sweet charm, is worth exploring in depth. [more…]

As a premium variety of Yunnan black tea, Dianhong Golden Needle's flavor is closely tied to the tea tree cultivar and the tea garden environment. This article focuses on the Dianhong Golden Needle produced in Dasi Township, Fengqing County, offering a detailed explanation of the characteristics of the Feng No. 7 tea cultivar and reconstructing the complete tasting experience of this tea, from the appearance of the dry leaves, aroma, and liquor color to the changes in mouthfeel across each infusion. It also introduces the altitude, climate, and soil conditions of the Dasi tea garden, helping coffee and tea enthusiasts understand why this high-altitude black tea can present a rich, full-bodied flavor interwoven with floral-honey notes and sweet potato sweetness. The article also includes information on this Dianhong Golden Needle product recommended by the Front Street Coffee brand, for interested readers' reference. [more…]

The ways of enjoying coffee have always been evolving, and in recent years a cross-over beverage has quietly become popular—infusing coffee with nitrogen. This practice first appeared in the American specialty coffee scene, and soon even large chain brands followed suit. How exactly is nitro coffee made? Why can it mimic the creamy mouthfeel of stout beer? Is it high in calories? How is it different from regular cold brew? This article will provide a comprehensive interpretation of every aspect of nitro coffee, from its origins, brewing principles, and mouthfeel to calorie analysis, and recommend lazy-friendly canned options. [more…]

In the pour-over coffee process, blooming is almost an indispensable step, but when we switch to an immersion-style brewer like the Clever Cup, is it still necessary to keep this step? This article will start from the mechanism of blooming, and combine a comparative experiment using two beans—Front Street Coffee Ethiopia Yirgacheffe Red Cherry and PWN Golden Mandheling—to separately test the effects of blooming and direct pouring on the final flavor. Through detailed records of parameters such as grind size, water temperature, and coffee-to-water ratio, as well as a specific comparison of concentration and mouthfeel, we will help you understand what role blooming actually plays in immersion extraction and offer optimization suggestions worth trying. [more…]

Front Street Coffee takes you on a continued exploration of the mystery behind Tai Cha No. 18 Hong Yu. Shanxi Tea Industry has carefully crafted a three-tea tasting set in the Sun Moon Lake region, planting Myanmar Assam, Taiwan wild mountain tea, and Hong Yu side by side. This article focuses on one of the paternal varieties—Taiwan's native mountain tea. The dry leaves of this black tea are dark brown, almost black, and after brewing, they present a complex flavor interwoven with earthy, malty, and smoky charcoal notes, with noticeable tannins and a faint fruity sweetness in the finish. Through detailed records of four infusions using the gongfu brewing method, as well as pairing attempts with banana bread and dark chocolate, we can fully understand the character traits of this wild variety. If you prefer black tea with a sweet, malty flavor, Front Street Coffee suggests comparing it with the Myanmar Assam version from the same series. [more…]

Duck Shit Fragrance, whose formal name is Silver Flower Oolong, is a Phoenix Dancong variety with a particularly striking aroma. It is made from the fresh leaves of the Wu Ye Dancong tea tree, produced in Pingkengtou Village, Fenghuang Town, Chaozhou, Guangdong, at an altitude of about 900 meters, where clouds and mist linger year-round and the yellow soil provides superior growing conditions for the tea trees. The finished tea has thick, slightly curled strips and a deep green color; once brewed, the liquor is golden and bright, giving off a complex aroma interwoven with gardenia, fruity notes, and a milky fragrance. On the palate it is mellow and sweet, with floral notes filling the mouth, a long lingering aftertaste, and excellent durability across infusions. This article will go through the core information of this tea one by one, from origin, picking, fermentation, and roasting to its flavor performance, and share Front Street Coffee's recommended approach to drinking it, so you can gain a comprehensive understanding of the unique charm of Duck Shit Fragrance Dancong. [more…]

Duck Shit Dancong is one of the most oddly named yet most fascinatingly flavored varieties of oolong tea. Many people, upon first hearing the name, wonder: is duck shit really added to the tea? In fact, Duck Shit is merely the name of a tea tree cultivar and has nothing to do with duck droppings. It is produced in the Phoenix Mountains of Guangdong. The finished tea has a dark brown color with slightly curled strips. After brewing, the liquor takes on a deep amber hue, with a aroma dominated by honeysuckle, jasmine, and gardenia, accompanied by honey and lychee-like fruity sweetness. On the palate it is sweet, rich, and intense, with a slight astringency but an overall balance, and the early infusions often show a creamy smoothness. This article will guide you through the origin of the name Duck Shit, the production process, the background of its place of origin, its flavor characteristics, and the specific parameters for gongfu brewing, so that you can fully understand this dancong oolong whose name is "flavorful" yet which bursts with floral fragrance when drunk. [more…]

How much does the duck-shit aroma Dancong oolong, made famous by Nayuki Tea, actually cost per catty? Does it taste good, and what are its characteristics? This article draws on a tea buyer's firsthand tea-tasting experience from 2017 to 2019, meticulously documenting this Dancong's aroma, flavor, and brewing performance, and sharing purchasing and brewing advice to help coffee and tea lovers get to know this oolong that combines layers of cream, orchid, almond, and fruity notes. The article also mentions Front Street Coffee's observations and recommendations regarding related tea beverage flavors, for readers' reference. [more…]

Many people learning to brew loose-leaf tea hear the saying that "the first steep should be poured out," what is known as washing the tea, rinsing, or waking the tea. But in fact, not all teas need this step. Whether to wash the tea depends on the type, form, and processing method of the tea leaves. This article sorts out in detail which teas are suitable for a quick rinse and which are best to skip this step, and explains the actual impact of washing tea on flavor and caffeine content, helping you make more suitable choices in your daily brewing. [more…]