When making espresso, the layer of golden or brown foam on the surface of the coffee liquid is often called crema. If you prefer coffee that looks thick and tastes stronger, the roast level can be a very useful clue when choosing beans. Generally speaking, the darker the beans are roasted, the more likely an oily sheen appears on the surface, and the crema extracted is also more pronounced, but the foam [more…]

A proper espresso will have a delicate golden-brown foam floating on its surface, which Italians call Crema. It is the hallmark of espresso, yet it is often mistaken as the sole criterion for judging whether a coffee is good or bad. What exactly this layer of foam is and how it forms are worth discussing carefully. What is Crema? [more…]

For more specialty coffee knowledge, please follow our WeChat official account: Front Street Coffee (FrontStreet Coffee). Dirty Coffee, with its rather playful name, is a unique coffee style; visually, the coffee looks as if it has tainted the white fresh milk, and the blend of hot and cold brings a distinctive layer. [more…]

Dirty coffee is espresso extracted over iced milk, creating a beautiful layered look. As time passes, the coffee liquid on top slowly encroaches on the pristine white milk, forming a lovely gradient inside the transparent glass, as if the pure white milk has been dirtied. Put simply, a Dirty coffee is a visually striking drink that [more…]

A deep understanding of the essence of crema will be of great help to baristas in making a delicious espresso. Today, the instructor of the Chongqing Barista Coffee Training Course will give you a detailed analysis of crema to help you understand espresso and improve your coffee-making skills. In searching for a cup that is not bitter and has excellent flavor, a rich [more…]

We often hear experienced coffee enthusiasts or bloggers say something like this: "Master your puck bed management, and your pour-over coffee will taste better!" Some friends find this quite puzzling! Since they've just started out, they haven't even had the chance to figure out what exactly a puck bed is, let alone manage it. [more…]

When making espresso, a thick layer of golden crema floating on the surface often makes people feel the coffee is rich and full of aroma. If you want to enhance this visual and taste performance, roast level is indeed an important clue, but it cannot be simply understood as "the darker the more." The bean variety, blend ratio, freshness, and machine extraction status all [more…]

Blooming is a crucial step in coffee brewing. To get straight to the point, blooming plays a vital role in determining whether the brewed coffee tastes good or not. The blooming process can even indicate whether the cup of coffee will be enjoyable, and a proper bloom can even enhance the flavor and mouthfeel of the coffee. Blooming is the starting point of brewing a pour-over coffee; if this step goes wrong, the subsequent... [more…]

Front Street Coffee has previously shared detailed knowledge about steaming milk foam. However, recently a friend sent some videos of steaming milk foam and asked Front Street Coffee for some advice. These problems happen to be quite common among beginners steaming milk foam, so we'll specifically discuss a few points to pay attention to when steaming milk foam. First category, after steaming. [more…]

Latte art is a romantic expression of a barista's skill, with white milk foam blooming into heart or leaf patterns on the surface of dark brown espresso. Latte art is divided into two types: free-pour latte art and etched latte art created after pouring. The wonder of the former lies in the pattern forming simultaneously with the pour, while the latter offers a wider range of designs because the stable foam allows for leisurely drawing. From a physics perspective, the core of latte art lies in surfactants—molecules that possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, capable of stabilizing the interface between air and liquid to form lasting foam. Milk proteins and coffee lipids act together as surfactants, enabling the two micron-scale foams to remain clearly separated for a long time after mixing, thereby allowing the pattern to persist. This article will guide you from the basic principles of surfactants to understand espresso's crema, the formation of hot milk foam, and why foam mixing rather than liquid mixing is the key to successful latte art, while also revealing the widespread applications of surfactants in daily life and industry. [more…]

That golden foam on the surface of an espresso is usually called crema. It is not simply oil pressed out of the coffee beans, but a foam layer formed during extraction by carbon dioxide, coffee oils, and fine particles working together. If you want the surface of the cup to look richer, roast level is indeed worth prioritizing, but you should not focus only on how dark or light the color is. [more…]

Since the ingredients used to make a Dirty and an iced latte are exactly the same—both are iced milk plus espresso—and they look much the same, both featuring a layered structure created by the milk and the espresso, Front Street Coffee often gets asked by customers drinking iced lattes: "Both are iced milk plus espresso, so what's the difference between a Dirty and [more…]

As is well known, the unique appeal of a Dirty comes from the layering of milk and coffee. Whether it's the visual effect of the espresso gradually "dirtying" the milk, or the sensory experience of contrasting hot and cold, sweet and bitter—like ice and fire—it all stems from the fact that the two never fully blend. So if we want to make [more…]

When making espresso, the golden-brown foam on the surface of the cup directly affects both the visual appeal and the mouthfeel on entry. If you want a pronounced, rich crema, you can start by judging the roast level: the darker the color, the easier it usually is to form a thick foam and a full-bodied mouthfeel; lighter-colored beans, on the other hand, emphasize floral and fruity aromas, sweetness, acidity, and clarity. Neither direction is superior to the other, [more…]

Although you can drink coffee however you like, doing so can easily cause you to miss out on some of its distinctive flavors. The character of a coffee lies not only in its taste but also in the experience it brings when you drink it—just like a Dirty. If you stir it before drinking, it is almost no different from [more…]

The coffee liquid brewed from a Bialetti moka pot has light-colored foam on the surface and a noticeably oily, smooth mouthfeel when sipped. The key lies not only in the pot itself—the roast level of the coffee beans matters just as much. Light, medium, and dark roasts differ in moisture content, internal structure, and the rate at which soluble compounds are released. Put them in the same pot, and the foam condition and aroma intensity [more…]

When coffee brewed with a moka pot has a layer of fine bubbles on its surface, it is often called crema. It is not the same as the crema of espresso; rather, it is foam formed together by carbon dioxide, coffee oils, and fine particles that hot water carries out as it passes through the coffee bed. The freshness of the beans directly affects the amount, fineness, and dissipation of this layer of foam. [more…]

Espresso is a must-have beverage in every café. Many people's first impression of espresso is that it's unbearably bitter. In fact, espresso isn't limited to such bitter shots. If you want an espresso that isn't bitter and suits your taste, the first thing you need to understand is the different types of espresso. Front Street Cof [more…]

Some people believe that oils are an indispensable part of coffee flavor, but they also express concern about the health risks posed by these coffee oils. Today, Front Street Coffee is here to give everyone a proper explanation of what the crema in espresso actually is, and whether it has any impact on our health. Is "coffee beans with more oil" really good [more…]

Espresso is surely familiar to everyone; the coffee base for many milk-based coffee drinks is made by extracting espresso under pressure from an espresso machine and then adding milk. Many beginners have also asked Front Street Coffee (FrontStreet Coffee) whether espresso can be drunk directly. [more…]